Final answer:
IQ tests measure intelligence quotient and can be disproven through research and evidence that refutes the hereditarian/racial theory of IQ.
Step-by-step explanation:
IQ tests measure intelligence quotient, which is a score earned on a test designed to measure intelligence. These tests aim to assess a person's cognitive abilities and provide information about their intellectual potential.
Anthropologists can disprove the hereditarian/racial theory of IQ, as promoted in the book The Bell Curve, by conducting research and presenting evidence that refutes the idea of a biological-racial basis for intelligence.
This can be done by studying the impact of socio-economic factors, access to education, and cultural biases present in IQ tests. Additionally, researchers have shown that IQ gaps have closed as marginalized groups gained more access to education.