Final answer:
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare chronic brain disorder that results from a persistent infection with the Measles virus. SSPE occurs years after an initial measles infection and is distinct from other viral nervous system infections like herpes, mumps, or JC viruses.
Step-by-step explanation:
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare late complication of the Measles virus. SSPE is characterized by a progressive deterioration of the central nervous system, which can occur years after an initial measles infection, even one that appears to have been fully resolved. In SSPE, antibodies specific for measles are detectable and reflect the underlying response to the persistent viral infection. While other conditions, such as bacterial meningitis, viral encephalitis, and other infections like herpes simplex virus (HSV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), mumps virus, and JC virus can affect the nervous system in various ways, they are not associated with SSPE. For example, HSV can lead to meningoencephalitis, and EBV can be associated with neurosyphilis, but measles virus is the causative agent of SSPE.