Final Answer:
Hormones play a pivotal role in altering sexual dimorphism, influencing the development of distinct physical and behavioral characteristics between males and females.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen, significantly impact the development of secondary sexual characteristics. In males, testosterone promotes the growth of facial hair, deepening of the voice, and muscle development. In females, estrogen contributes to the development of breasts and a wider pelvic structure. Therefore, hormones directly influence the observable physical differences between sexes.
Hormones not only affect physical traits but also influence behavioral patterns. Testosterone, for instance, is associated with increased aggression and competitive behavior, typically observed more in males. Estrogen, on the other hand, can influence nurturing and maternal behaviors in females. These behavioral changes contribute to the overall sexual dimorphism in behavior.