Final answer:
Antonio Gramsci identified primary groups and secondary groups as the two basic types of groups in civil society.
Step-by-step explanation:
Antonio Gramsci identified two basic types of groups in civil society: primary groups and secondary groups. Primary groups are usually small, long-term, and made up of individuals who engage with each other emotionally. These groups serve expressive functions and include significant others who have a significant impact on our socialization. An example of a primary group is a family. Secondary groups, on the other hand, are often larger, impersonal, and task-focused. They serve instrumental functions and are more goal-oriented than emotionally-oriented. Examples of secondary groups can include classrooms or offices.