Final answer:
Memantine does not block the catabolism of acetylcholine; instead, it modulates the glutamatergic system by being an NMDA receptor antagonist, unlike the other drugs listed which are cholinesterase inhibitors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The drug that does not work by blocking the catabolism of acetylcholine is Memantine (B). Drugs such as Donepezil (A), Tacrine (C), Rivastigmine (D), and Galantamine (E) are cholinesterase inhibitors, which prevent the enzyme acetylcholinesterase from breaking down acetylcholine, thus enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission which is beneficial in managing Alzheimer's disease symptoms. Memantine works differently; it is an NMDA receptor antagonist and helps to manage symptoms by modulating the glutamatergic system, rather than influencing acetylcholine directly.