Final answer:
African descendants arrived in Europe through the forced transatlantic slave trade between the late fifteenth and early nineteenth centuries, resulting in the deaths of about two million Africans during the voyages.
Step-by-step explanation:
African descendants arrived in Europe about 12 million times between the late fifteenth and early nineteenth centuries. European slave traders forcefully transported approximately twelve million Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas to provide labor for Europe's economic enterprises. This large-scale migration resulted in the deaths of about two million Africans during the voyages. The Africans were enslaved and transported to various parts of Europe, including the Chesapeake colonies, the Caribbean, Brazil, and the North American mainland.