Final answer:
The reading outlines five different types of cemeteries: traditional monumental cemeteries, lawn cemeteries, park-like spaces, family cemeteries, and Etruscan necropolises. These varied types showcase the evolution of societal attitudes towards death and burial practices.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding different types of cemeteries can provide insight into cultural practices and attitudes towards death. The reading "Cemetery Studies" by Barber outlines various cemetery designs that cater to different needs, values, and historical contexts:
- Traditional monumental cemeteries, which are expansive areas filled with large and ornate grave markers and are costly to maintain.
- Lawn cemeteries or memorial gardens, which have flat gravestones to facilitate maintenance like grass mowing.
- Cemeteries designed as park-like spaces, reflecting 19th-century aesthetics that allow people to engage in various activities beyond mourning.
- Family cemeteries, often located on private property, indicating a time when death occurred and was faced among the immediate living surroundings.
- Etruscan necropolises such as those in Cerveteri and Tarquinia, where a variety of burial practices were applied, from trenches to impressive tumuli.
Each of these cemetery types reveals different aspects of how societies perceive and handle death, as well as how these perceptions have evolved over time.