Final answer:
The early farming community in the Jordan River Valley of Palestine is named Jericho, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities, established around 8300 BCE in the Fertile Crescent.
Step-by-step explanation:
The name of the early farming community located in the Jordan River Valley of Palestine is Jericho. As one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities, Jericho's establishment dates back to the early Neolithic era, around 8300 BCE. The abundance of fresh water springs in the area, its significance as a natural oasis, and its conducive climate for agriculture were key factors in its development. Not only is Jericho notable for its longevity, but also for its impressive early feats of engineering, such as its ancient walls — remains of which have been uncovered by archaeologists. Jericho's prominence arose in a region known as the Fertile Crescent, an area characterized by consistent rainfall and fertile soil that supported the domestication of crops like wheat, contributing to the rise of early civilization and settlements in this part of the world.