Final answer:
Relative dating focuses on the order of events, while chronometric dating provides numerical ages. An example of relative dating is the principle of superposition, and an example of chronometric dating is radiocarbon dating. Relative dating allows for the sequence of events to be determined, while chronometric dating provides more precise ages.
Step-by-step explanation:
Relative dating is a method used to determine the order of events in Earth's history. It does not provide numerical ages but focuses on the sequence of events. For example, the principle of superposition states that in undisturbed rock layers, the youngest rocks are on top and the oldest are at the bottom.
On the other hand, chronometric dating, also known as absolute dating, provides numerical ages for rocks and minerals. One technique is radiocarbon dating, which uses the decay of carbon-14 to determine the age of organic materials. For instance, archaeologists can use radiocarbon dating to determine the age of ancient bones or artifacts.
The strengths of relative dating include its ability to establish the sequence of events and its applicability to various rock types. However, it cannot provide precise numerical ages. The strengths of chronometric dating lie in its ability to provide exact ages and its application to a wide range of materials. Nonetheless, it is limited to specific minerals or substances and has a restricted timeframe.