Final answer:
The 2006 IOM study did not specify the exact number of patients harmed by medication errors. The information given does highlight the substantial impact of preventive measures, such as prophylactic antibiotics, and adherence to procedural guidelines in reducing hospital acquired infections and other complications arising from medication errors.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the study conducted by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 2006, it was estimated that medication errors were harming a significant number of patients. However, the precise number of patients affected was not specified within the information provided. Medication errors and their consequences are critical issues in the healthcare field as they can lead to adverse patient outcomes, including hospital acquired infections (HAI), increased morbidity, and potentially fatalities.
One example from the provided information highlights the impact of implementing prophylactic antibiotics to reduce the incidence of HAIs. The study cited shows a clear decrease in HAIs from 130 per 1,000 in the no antibiotic group, to 75 per 1,000 in the group that received antibiotics before surgery, indicating a prevention of 55 HAIs per 1,000 patients with this intervention.
Strategy changes, like those developed by Dr. Peter Pronovost for inserting central intravenous lines, can significantly reduce errors and subsequent infections. Additionally, the risks associated with catheter-related bloodstream infections highlight the importance of proper procedures and equipment to prevent thousands of potential deaths.