Final answer:
Primary or essential hypertension is usually due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and the exact cause is often unknown. This is different from secondary hypertension, which has a specific cause like chronic kidney disease or an endocrine disorder.
Step-by-step explanation:
Primary or essential hypertension is a condition where the exact cause of high blood pressure is not known, which is the correct answer to the student's question. While lifestyle factors like a high intake of salt can contribute to the development of hypertension, these are risk factors and not direct causes. Primary hypertension typically develops due to a complex interaction of genes and environmental factors, and in most cases, a single direct cause cannot be identified. Secondary hypertension, on the other hand, is high blood pressure caused by a specific condition, such as chronic kidney disease or an endocrine disorder.
Controlling hypertension is crucial for reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks, strokes, and chronic kidney disease. Lifestyle changes and medication can help manage high blood pressure. It is often called the "silent killer" because it usually does not cause noticeable symptoms, highlighting the importance of regular monitoring of blood pressure levels.