Final answer:
Intravenous loop diuretics cause vasodilation within 5 minutes of administration. This occurs as a result of their action on the Na-K-2Cl symporter in the loop of Henle, which increases urine volume and is used to treat conditions like hypertension.
Step-by-step explanation:
Within 5 minutes of administration of intravenous loop diuretics to cardiac patients, the effect that is observed is vasodilation. This is due to the inhibition of Na+ and Cl- reabsorption by the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, which leads to an increase in urination. The reduced volume of fluid in the circulatory system then leads to vasodilation to help lower blood pressure. The prompt diuretic effect of loop diuretics is beneficial in conditions like hypertension and edema where fluid removal is necessary. The increase in urination is explained by the inhibitory action of the loop diuretics on the Na-K-2Cl symporter in the loop of Henle. The inhibition prevents the reabsorption of these ions, leading to more ions being excreted in the urine, which in turn pulls water into the renal tubules due to osmosis, increasing urine volume.