Final answer:
Mild tolerance to gluten can cause issues like bloating and nausea and is associated with celiac disease. This autoimmune condition damages the microvilli in the small intestine, leading to nutrient absorption problems. A strict gluten-free diet is essential for managing celiac disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mild tolerance to a protein substance called gluten, which is found in wheat, rye, and barley, can cause bloating and nausea. People with celiac disease have an immune response to gluten that damages the microvilli in the small intestine, impeding nutrient absorption and leading to symptoms like malnutrition, cramping, and diarrhea. In celiac disease, the body's immune system reacts to gliadin, a component of gluten, which causes damage to the villi lining the small intestine, making it difficult to digest and absorb nutrients properly, resulting in a variety of health issues.
Food intolerance, like celiac disease, involves a negative reaction to food, but unlike food allergies, it's due to the digestive system's inability to process certain substances. For example, lactose intolerance involves the lack of the enzyme lactase necessary to break down lactose, a sugar found in milk. While celiac disease necessitates a strictly gluten-free diet, people with food intolerances may manage their symptoms by restricting or avoiding certain foods that trigger their symptoms.