Final answer:
When taking off behind a large aircraft, it's essential to become airborne before their rotation point and stay above their path or turn to avoid vortices. Pilots need to account for wind velocity when planning their takeoff and landing, calculating angles and making adjustments to align with the runway and ensure safety.
Step-by-step explanation:
Avoiding vortexes on takeoff is crucial for ensuring aircraft safety. When taking off behind a large aircraft, you should plan to become airborne prior to the point of rotation of the preceding plane and remain above their departure path or make a necessary turn to steer clear of the vortices. Conversely, when planning to take off after an aircraft has landed, you should aim to become airborne beyond the point where that aircraft touched down.
Understanding the strategy behind dealing with wind velocity is important in aviation safety. Pilots must adjust their plan according to the wind to ensure that the velocity of the plane with respect to the ground is on course with the intended direction of travel. This often involves calculating the angle to head into the wind and the required adjustments to the plane's flight path.
Moreover, when landing in crosswind conditions, it is essential for pilots to calculate the angle at which they must fly relative to the wind to align the plane's velocity with the runway direction. The speed of the airplane with respect to the ground is affected by the crosswind and must be considered alongside the speed of the plane relative to the air. Pilots may have to execute last-minute maneuvers to ensure the wheels are pointing straight down the runway for a safe landing.