Final answer:
The correct procedure for issuing radar traffic information is to convey the type or characteristics of the aircraft, its position relative to another aircraft, and its direction of flight. Radar uses microwaves to detect and analyze the position and movement of aircraft.
Step-by-step explanation:
To issue traffic information to radar-identified aircraft, an air traffic controller should follow a specific procedure. Initially, the type of aircraft, if known, or the relative speed and altitude should be communicated to the pilot. Next, the position of the traffic in relation to the aircraft's observed track should be detailed. Lastly, the direction of flight of the potential traffic should be informed to ensure safe separation standards are maintained. For example, if we have a Boeing 747 and a Douglas DC-3, the controller might inform the 747's pilot of the DC-3's position relative to the 747, its altitude, and that it's heading directly west.
Radar systems, utilizing microwaves, allow for the detection of objects such as aircraft by analyzing the echo of microwaves that bounce off these objects. Calculating the distance and speed of these objects is crucial in ensuring safe distances between airborne aircraft, and controllers often use radar when visual identification is not possible due to poor weather conditions.
When applying the science behind radar, we consider several factors, such as the speed of the object, which can be determined by analyzing the Doppler shift of the returned waves, similar to the red shift observed in astronomy. Such technical details are essential for understanding the velocity and location of aircraft.