Question

What 2 factors during meiosis increase variation and what implication does this have on phenotype?

A) Independent assortment and crossing over; Increases genetic diversity
B) DNA replication and cytokinesis; Decreases genetic diversity
C) Mitosis and binary fission; Maintains genetic stability
D) Homologous recombination and replication errors; Reduces genetic variation

Answer 1

The two factors during meiosis that increase variation are independent assortment and crossing over. This increased variation allows for the production of offspring with different genotypes and phenotypes.

Step-by-step explanation:

During meiosis, two factors that increase variation are independent assortment and crossing over. Independent assortment occurs during meiosis I, when homologous chromosomes randomly line up on the metaphase plate, resulting in unique combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the gametes. Crossing over, which occurs during meiosis I prophase, involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, leading to new combinations of alleles.

The implication of this increased variation on phenotype is that it allows for the production of offspring with different genotypes and phenotypes. This genetic diversity is important for the survival and adaptation of a species to changing environments. It provides the potential for individuals to possess traits that may be advantageous in a given environment or enable them to better compete for resources.