Final answer:
The manufacturer's defense against liability as outlined in CCQ 1473 includes lack of knowledge, state of the art, and cautionary measures.
Step-by-step explanation:
In CCQ 1473, the manufacturer's defense against liability is outlined as follows:
- Lack of knowledge: If the manufacturer can prove that they were not aware of the defect or the likelihood of the defect causing harm, they may argue that they should not be held liable. In the example provided, if the manufacturer was not aware of the brake system defects in one of the models, they may have a defense against liability.
- State of the art: The manufacturer may argue that at the time the product was manufactured, the design or manufacturing process was considered state of the art and met all applicable standards. This defense asserts that the manufacturer should not be held liable if a defect arises later that was not foreseeable at the time of production.
- Cautionary Measures: If the manufacturer can prove that they took all reasonable steps to prevent the defect from occurring or causing harm, they may use this defense against liability. For example, if the manufacturer had implemented comprehensive testing procedures and quality control measures, they may argue that they took appropriate cautionary measures to prevent defects.