Final answer:
The shoulder consists of the scapula and clavicle, which support movement and muscle attachment. Common postural faults can be identified with a plumb line, indicating potential misalignments affecting shoulder function. Key landmarks like the suprascapular notch and glenoid cavity provide critical muscle attachment and joint articulation points.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Structure and Function of the Shoulder
The shoulder is a complex structure consisting of bones, muscles, and connective tissues that work together to provide a wide range of motion. At the core of this structure are the scapula (shoulder blade) and the clavicle (collarbone). The scapula is a flat, triangular-shaped bone located on the posterior aspect of the shoulder. It has a prominent ridge known as the spine, which facilitates muscle attachment. The clavicle serves as a strut connecting the scapula to the sternum and plays a critical role in the movement of the shoulder joint.
Common faults with shoulder posture can often be observed with a plumb line, which should fall midway between the shoulders. If the clavicle or scapula is misaligned, it may indicate muscle weakness or tightness affecting shoulder function. Anatomical landmarks such as the suprascapular notch, superior angle of the scapula, inferior angle of the scapula, and the glenoid cavity are significant as they serve as attachment points for muscles and articulation with the arm bone (humerus).