Final answer:
Runways are numbered based on their magnetic bearing relative to magnetic north, with the runway number corresponding to the direction a plane takes off or lands. A runway numbered 01 aligns with a 010° bearing, meaning it is 10° clockwise from magnetic north.
Step-by-step explanation:
In southern domestic airspace, a runway is numbered according to its magnetic bearing. Runway numbers are based on the runway's orientation in relation to magnetic north. These numbers are determined by taking the magnetic bearing of the runway's centerline and rounding it to the nearest whole number, then dropping the last digit. The result is a two-digit number that represents the direction a plane takes off or lands on the runway, in tens of degrees. Therefore, a runway numbered 01 would have a bearing of 010°, which means it is oriented 10° clockwise from magnetic north. A bearing is always written as a three-digit number, such as 275° for west roughly or 080° (for 80°). This numbering system ensures a pilot can quickly understand the approximate bearing of the runway simply by looking at its number. For example, a runway numbered 27 points close to due west or 270°.