Final answer:
In ArcGIS Pro, a map view is where you edit data interactively, a map frame contains the map inside a layout, and a map layout arranges these frames and other elements for final print or export.
Step-by-step explanation:
In ArcGIS Pro, map views, map frames, and map layouts are distinct components that work together to create and display maps. A map view is the interactive display that you see within the ArcGIS Pro application where you can pan, zoom, and edit geographic data in a map. This is not the final printed representation but rather a working environment for constructing your map content. A map frame, on the other hand, is an element within a map layout that displays a map view, or a portion of a map view, based on a specific extent and scale. It serves as a container for the map inside the layout and can display different views depending on how you've configured it. Lastly, a map layout is a collection of map elements laid out on a virtual page for printing or exporting to formats such as PDF. The layout can contain one or more map frames, as well as other elements like titles, legends, scale bars, and north arrows. It is within the layout that you design how your map will look in its final, printed form.
To answer the student's question, option 3 is true: The map layout contains one or more map frames, each of which contains a map view.