Final answer:
An ostomy is the medical term used for the procedure involving the surgical attachment of the anus/rectum to another part of the body, and an ileostomy refers to the specifically attachment of the small intestine to the abdominal wall for waste elimination.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medical term for the surgical attachment of the anus/rectum to another part of the body is an ostomy. When specifically referring to the attachment of the ileum or the small intestine to the abdominal wall, allowing for waste elimination when the anus and rectum are no longer connected, the procedure is called an ileostomy.
This may be necessary when the rectum is not functioning properly due to medical conditions or surgical interventions. Even though the large intestine, which includes the rectum, has sections that are attached to the posterior abdominal wall—such as the transverse and sigmoid colon—sometimes it is necessary for these to be surgically altered to facilitate waste elimination.