Final answer:
To diagnose IVD prolapse as the cause of radiculopathy, MRI, CT scans, CT myelogram, EMG, NCS, and sometimes x-rays are recommended to detail anatomy and assess nerve damage.
Step-by-step explanation:
To identify whether intervertebral disc (IVD) prolapse is the cause of a radiculopathy, a physician may recommend several tests. The primary tests include Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which provides detailed images of the spine's anatomy to reveal disc herniations pressing on nerve roots; Computed Tomography (CT) scans may offer a cross-sectional view and identify any spinal stenosis or disc problems; and a CT myelogram, where a contrast dye is injected followed by a CT scan to provide detailed images of the spinal canal and nerve roots.
Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS) are also crucial to assess electrical activity in muscles and the speed of conduction in nerves, respectively, helping to confirm the presence and severity of radiculopathy. Additionally, x-rays may be used, though they are less detailed but can reveal the overall structure of the vertebrae and the presence of degenerative changes that may suggest disc issues.
These tests will help a healthcare provider determine if a slipped or herniated disc is indeed causing the radicular pain, thereby confirming the diagnosis of a disc-induced radiculopathy.