Final answer:
The lumbar orthopedic examination includes tests such as the straight leg raise test, Patrick's test, and the McMurray test to assess different aspects of the lower back and associated joints.
Step-by-step explanation:
The lumbar orthopedic examination involves performing a series of tests and maneuvers to assess the patient's lower back. Some of the commonly used tests for lumbar orthopedic examination include:
- Straight leg raise test: This test is used to assess for sciatica or nerve compression. The patient lies on their back and the examiner raises one leg while keeping the knee straight. If the patient experiences pain or tightness in the back or down the leg, it may suggest nerve compression.
- Patrick's test: Also known as the FABER test, this test assesses for hip joint pathology. The patient lies on their back and the examiner externally rotates, abducts, and extends the hip while crossing the ankle over the opposite knee. Pain or limited range of motion may indicate hip joint pathology.
- McMurray test: This test is used to assess for meniscal tears in the knee joint. The patient lies on their back, and the examiner flexes the knee while externally rotating the tibia and applies a valgus or varus stress. If the patient experiences pain or clicking, it may suggest a meniscal tear.