Final answer:
An easement created by the court for access to a landlocked property is called an easement by necessity. This legal right ensures the landowner can reach a public road. Such easements, and others like restrictive covenants, play roles in land-use planning and conservation.
Step-by-step explanation:
An easement of ingress and egress that is created by the court when necessary is called an easement by necessity. These easements are typically established when a parcel of land has no access to a public road and is landlocked. The court will grant an easement allowing the landowner to travel over someone else's property to reach a road, thereby granting access to the landlocked property. Apart from court-created easement, land developers may also set land-use restrictions through restrictive covenants and easements, serving different purposes like maintaining open space for conservation or aesthetic values. For example, an easement might prevent construction on a plot of land to ensure it remains open, contributing to the public's welfare by conserving green spaces.