Final answer:
a. Substance dualism is a form of interactionist dualism that posits the mind and body as two separate substances that interact with each other. According to this view, the mind and body are different entities but can influence each other. For example, when we make a decision, the mind interacts with the body to initiate action.
Step-by-step explanation:
a. Substance dualism is a form of interactionist dualism. It posits that the mind and body are two separate and distinct substances that interact with each other. This view asserts that the mind and body are different entities and yet they are able to affect and influence each other in some way.
For example, according to substance dualism, when we make a decision to move our hand, the mind (non-physical) interacts with the body (physical) to initiate the motion.