Final answer:
The basic drug secreted by the kidney for excretion is penicillin. It is eliminated via the urinary system's mechanisms of filtration and secretion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking which basic drug is secreted by the kidney for excretion. Among the options provided, the correct answer is penicillin. Penicillin is an antibiotic that is known to be excreted via the urinary system. This process typically involves the mechanisms of glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, and tubular reabsorption. Penicillin, which is a small molecule and water-soluble, can be secreted into the tubule lumen by carrier proteins, making it one of the drugs that can be eliminated by the kidneys. Probenecid, on the other hand, is used to inhibit the renal excretion of some drugs and increase their plasma concentration. Acetazolamide is a diuretic that affects the reabsorption of bicarbonate at the renal tubules but is not secreted as a basic drug.