Final answer:
Clonidine can cause transient hypertension followed by hypotension when administered intravenously, does not increase MAC requirements, and can be administered transdermally. The correct statement about clonidine in the options provided is that it causes transient hypertension with IV administration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking for information about the effects of clonidine, a medication often used in the management of hypertension and other medical conditions. The correct statement regarding clonidine is that it can cause transient hypertension with intravenous (IV) administration. Initially, an IV bolus of clonidine may result in a transient increase in blood pressure due to the stimulation of peripheral alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. This is followed by a decreased sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system, which then leads to hypotension.
Clonidine does not increase MAC (Minimum Alveolar Concentration) requirements, and its hypotensive effects are not immediate but follow the brief hypertensive response. Additionally, clonidine can indeed be administered transdermally through skin patches, making option E incorrect.