Final answer:
Bleomycin is an alkylating agent used in cancer treatment. It can cause agranulocytosis, myelosuppression, and pulmonary toxicity in patients. The drug's production of superoxide radicals can also lead to pulmonary oxygen toxicity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bleomycin is a medication used in cancer treatment. It belongs to the group of alkylating agents and is an important component of combination chemotherapy regimens for various types of cancer. Bleomycin can cause agranulocytosis, which is a condition characterized by a low count of white blood cells, and myelosuppression, which is a decrease in the production of blood cells. It is also known to cause pulmonary toxicity in about 90% of patients, leading to symptoms like cough, shortness of breath, and lung fibrosis. The drug produces superoxide radicals, which can result in pulmonary oxygen toxicity. Therefore, it is important for healthcare providers to closely monitor patients receiving bleomycin and manage any potential side effects.