Final answer:
Sulphonylureas require some remaining pancreatic beta cell function to work and are not effective if insulin stores are depleted. They are not associated with causing lactic acidosis and phenformin is not an example of this drug class. Variability in response to these medications can be influenced by genetic factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
With regards to sulphonylureas, they do not work effectively if insulin stores are depleted. Sulphonylureas are medications used to treat type 2 diabetes by stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to secrete insulin. However, they require some remaining functional beta cells and therefore, won't be effective if a person's insulin stores are depleted. These drugs, such as gliclazide, are highly protein bound, which influences their distribution and metabolism in the body. Phenformin is not an example of a sulphonylurea; instead, it is a biguanide, another class of diabetes medication. One of the major side effects of sulphonylureas can be hypoglycemia, a condition where blood sugar levels are too low. This can manifest as hunger, sweating, shakiness, and weakness, requiring immediate medical attention. Additionally, the individual response to sulphonylureas can vary based on genetic factors—this variability is the focus of the field of pharmacogenetics, which seeks to personalize medication choices and dosages.