Final answer:
To maintain maximum range in constant wind, a pilot should adjust their heading to compensate for wind drift, using a vector equation to solve for the proper heading and ground speed.
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to maintain maximum range in a constant wind condition while flying at the optimum altitude and airspeed, a pilot should adjust the aircraft's heading to compensate for the wind drift. This involves creating a vector equation that includes the velocity of the plane relative to the ground, the velocity of the plane relative to the air, and the velocity of the air with respect to the ground. By graphing these vectors and solving for the desired quantities, a pilot can determine the correct heading and the resultant ground speed. Importantly, to accomplish a velocity parallel to the runway when landing, the pilot might need to perform last-minute maneuvers to align the plane's wheels with the runway direction, especially in crosswind conditions.