Final answer:
Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a group of risk factors including central obesity, hypertension, and lipid abnormalities. It is a significant concern for cardiovascular health and diabetes, and specific races and ethnicities may be at an increased risk. Regular screenings and lifestyle changes are important for management and mitigation of these risk factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together, which include abdominal obesity, high blood pressure (hypertension), high blood glucose levels, and a specific pattern of lipid abnormalities including high triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol (hyperlipidemia). Central obesity is characterized by excess fat around the abdomen and is a key component of metabolic syndrome. A person with a waist circumference over 40 inches (men) or 35 inches (women) exhibits central obesity. These indicators of metabolic syndrome increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes.
Race and ethnicity, such as being African American, Hispanic, or Pacific Islander, also play a role and may increase the likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome. The presence of acanthosis nigricans, which is a skin condition characterized by dark, velvety patches in body folds and creases, can also suggest insulin resistance, one of the conditions associated with metabolic syndrome.
Treatment and management of metabolic syndrome involve lifestyle changes such as diet, exercise, and weight loss which can help mitigate the risk factors and improve overall health outcomes. It is critical for individuals to undergo regular health check-ups and screenings for early detection and management of metabolic syndrome.