Final answer:
The prefrontal cortex is usually affected when you have a TBI, specifically the areas responsible for planning, judgment, reasoning, and working memory. Damage to these areas can result in changes to personality, mood, and behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain usually affected when you have a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Within the prefrontal cortex, the areas responsible for planning, judgment, reasoning, and working memory are most commonly affected. Damage to these areas can result in changes to personality, mood, and behavior.
A famous case that illustrates the role of the prefrontal cortex in personality is that of Phineas Gage. In 1848, he had a metal spike impale his prefrontal cortex, which caused a drastic change in his personality.