Final answer:
Elmer's Organs refer to the vomeronasal organ (VNO) sensitive to pheromones, part of the olfactory system, and involved in detecting chemical signals. The external and internal nasal structures aid in preventing debris entry and olfactory perception.
Step-by-step explanation:
Elmer's Organs and nose protuberances, such as the vomeronasal organ (VNO, or Jacobson's organ), are anatomical structures linked to the olfactory system of many vertebrates. The VNO is highly sensitive to pheromones and facilitates the detection of chemical signals crucial for inter-species communication. Within the nasal cavity, particles dissolve in the mucosa and then enter the VNO, where pheromones bind to specialized receptors. This can trigger a flehmen response in animals, aiding in the entrance of pheromone molecules to the VNO. The external nose structures, including the alae (sides of each nostril), and internal components like mucous membranes, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, and olfactory epithelium, all contribute to the function of the nose in preventing debris entry and odor detection.