Final answer:
The correct answer is 'd. All of the above are correct,' as all the statements listed are true components of the Navigation Rules, which are important for maritime safety.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct statement about the Navigation Rules is 'd. All of the above are correct.' The Navigation Rules are a set of guidelines provided by various maritime organizations that outline how vessels are to safely maneuver and communicate to prevent collisions at sea. To clarify the options: a. The rules indeed require vessels to comply with Traffic Separation Scheme regulations to prevent congestion and potential collisions. b. They use the term 'safe speed' to ensure that a vessel can take proper and effective action to avoid collisions and be stopped within a distance suitable to prevailing circumstances and conditions. c. The Rules permit a stand-on vessel, or the vessel that has the right of way, to take action if the give-way vessel is not taking appropriate measures, even before the situation becomes critical, or 'in extremis.' Therefore, all statements a through c are true in the context of the Navigation Rules.