Final answer:
The stand-on vessel should change course and speed when action by the give-way vessel alone cannot prevent a collision, according to maritime navigational rules.
Step-by-step explanation:
When shall the stand-on vessel change course and speed? The correct answer is C. When action by the give-way vessel alone cannot prevent collision. In navigational rules, a stand-on vessel is to maintain its course and speed when it has the right-of-way. However, the stand-on vessel may take action to avoid a collision if it becomes apparent that the give-way vessel is not taking appropriate action or if a collision is imminent. This decision is governed by the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, Rule 17, which provides guidance on this matter to ensure safety at sea.