Final answer:
Rheumatic fever commonly causes polyarthritis, an inflammation in larger joints such as the knees and elbows. Unlike rheumatoid arthritis, its effects are often reversible. Treatment targets the initial streptococcal infection, joint inflammation, and prevention of recurrence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student is asking about the areas affected by polyarthritis in rheumatic fever. In rheumatic fever, polyarthritis is a major clinical manifestation where the joints become inflamed due to an autoimmune reaction. Specifically, rheumatic fever is a sequela of streptococcal pharyngitis, and it can lead to a variety of signs and symptoms due to immune-mediated damage. This condition predominantly affects larger joints such as the knees, ankles, elbows, and wrists. Unlike rheumatoid arthritis, which is a chronic condition, polyarthritis associated with rheumatic fever is often reversible, but it does pose a risk for permanent heart valve damage if recurring episodes occur.
The severity of the joint involvement in rheumatic fever can vary, but typically presents as a migratory arthritis, affecting a few joints at a time for a period of a few days before resolving or moving to other joints. Given that rheumatic fever can lead to carditis, which has the potential for long-term cardiovascular complications, it is crucial for those affected to receive medical attention promptly. Treatments are generally focused on eradication of the streptococcal infection with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medication for the arthritis, and long-term prophylaxis to prevent recurrence.