Final answer:
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose, a form of sugar, and oxygen, which is necessary for animal life. It is a critical chemical reaction for virtually all life on Earth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Photosynthesis happens when a plant uses the sun's energy to turn water and carbon dioxide into useful molecules such as sugars and starches.
Photosynthesis is a multi-step process that involves the transformation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into energy-storing carbohydrates such as glucose (C6H12O6), using solar energy. In the first stage, known as the light reactions, sunlight is absorbed and converted into ATP (energy) and NADPH (an energy carrier), while water is used, and oxygen (O2) is released as a byproduct. The second stage, known as the Calvin Cycle, uses the ATP and NADPH, along with carbon dioxide, to produce glucose. This process is essential for the survival of the plant and for virtually all life on Earth, as it provides the energy and organic compounds needed by most organisms.