Final answer:
Cutaneous itch involves the release of chemical mediators like histamine, cytokines, and others from IgE-primed mast cells, triggering the sensation of itch. Moisturizing creams, including those with corticosteroids like hydrocortisone, help alleviate itching by suppressing the release of these mediators. However, they generally treat symptoms rather than the underlying causes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The chemical mediators of cutaneous itch are substances that occur naturally within the body and are released in response to various stimuli, such as allergens or irritants. Key mediators include histamine, cytokines, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and substances released from IgE-primed mast cells. Histamine is one of the primary mediators that contribute to itching and is released during allergic reactions and inflammation. It binds to nerve endings, causing the sensation of itch.In the context of treatments, substances found in moisturizing cream to alleviate itching and inflammation may include occlusives to retain moisture, emollients to soften skin, and humectants to attract water. Corticosteroid creams, which can contain hydrocortisone, are commonly prescribed to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system's response by inhibiting the release of histamine and other mediators, leading to temporary relief from pruritus.It should be noted that while corticosteroid creams can effectively treat the symptoms of conditions like eczema by reducing itching and inflammation, they do not address the underlying causes, which may include allergens or other irritants. Ongoing management may require additional approaches, such as identifying triggers and using emollient creams to maintain skin barrier function.