Final answer:
The hygiene hypothesis suggests that increased hygiene in developed countries may cause the immune system to overreact to harmless substances like pollen, resulting in more allergies. Allergens can show seasonal variations, with certain times of the year causing more severe allergic responses. The resulting symptoms from an allergic reaction, such as eczema, are managed through various treatments while considering environmental triggers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Allergies are increasing in more developed countries, and the hygiene theory posits that this might be due to over-cleanliness. According to this theory, the immune system, which evolved to combat parasitic infections such as worms, is now overreacting to harmless substances such as pollen, dander, and certain foods because it is not being challenged by real threats in very clean environments. This may lead to the production of IgE antibodies in response to these harmless substances, causing allergic reactions.
There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that a lack of exposure to a variety of microorganisms may prevent the immune system from developing properly, leading to a higher likelihood of allergies. For example, eczema, a common allergic response, hasn't been definitively linked to specific allergens like dust mites, though many sufferers have the corresponding antibodies in their blood. Treatment typically involves managing symptoms with moisturizers and medications.
Moreover, allergens can exhibit seasonal variation in their presence, which has implications for those with atopic conditions. During certain times of the year, pollen, for example, can become a significant trigger for allergic individuals, illustrating the interplay between environmental factors and immune system reactions.