Final answer:
T cells are lymphocytes crucial to the immune system, including CD8 CTLs and CD4 TH1 cells, which play roles in contact dermatitis and hypersensitivities. Cytokines, including chemokines, facilitate immune responses such as inflammation and attraction of immune cells to infection sites. In moisturizing creams, ingredients that improve skin hydration and reduce inflammation may alleviate itching.
Step-by-step explanation:
T cells are a type of white blood cell known as lymphocytes which are integral to the immune system. There are several types of T cells, each with specific functions. CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) can induce apoptosis in target cells presenting the same antigen with MHC I. This mechanism is often involved in contact dermatitis and tissue transplant rejection. On the other hand, CD4 TH1 cells mediate a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response, releasing cytokines that activate macrophages to combat pathogens.
Cytokines are chemical signals released by cells that trigger inflammation or other immune responses. A specialized type of cytokine known as a chemokine has the additional role of chemotaxis, attracting other immune cells to the site of infection or damage. These biochemical processes are crucial for the coordination and execution of the immune response.
Certain specialized cells in the skin's epidermis, such as Langerhans cells, are part of the immune system and help to detect and fight off pathogens. In the context of skin health, moisturizing creams often incorporate substances that could help alleviate itching and inflammation. These may include agents that help to restore the skin's barrier, hydrate the skin, and substances that have anti-inflammatory properties to relieve symptoms.