Final answer:
Leukotriene B4 (LTB-4) is a chemical mediator that plays a role in inflammation by attracting neutrophils to the site of infection or injury through chemotaxis and increasing vascular permeability, contributing to symptoms of itchiness and skin inflammation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Leukotriene B4 (LTB-4) is a chemical mediator involved in the inflammatory response of the body. It is produced by a variety of cells such as injured cells, phagocytes, and basophils. LTB-4 functions by attracting neutrophils to the site of infection or inflammation through a process known as chemotaxis. Moreover, LTB-4 increases vascular permeability, allowing for the immune system's cells and fluids to enter the affected tissue more readily.
When considering leukotriene B4's role in the context of pruritus (itchiness) and cutaneous reactions such as contact dermatitis and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, LTB-4 contributes to the recruitment of immune cells to the skin. The presence of this leukotriene in allergic reactions is significant, as it contributes to the symptoms and physiologic processes characteristic of these responses, including the propagation of itch and inflammation.
In addition to the recruitment of neutrophils, other inflammatory mediators like prostaglandins cause vasodilation and are key in the sensation of pain associated with inflammation. The action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, in pain relief is partly due to their inhibition of prostaglandin production thereby attenuating the inflammatory response.