Question

Which adaptations to altitude are likely to increase VO2 max upon returning to sea level?

a) Increased red blood cell count
b) Reduced lung capacity
c) Decreased blood volume
d) Lower hemoglobin concentration

Answer 1

Increased red blood cell count, lower hemoglobin concentration, and increased BPG production are adaptations to altitude that can increase VO2 max when returning to sea level.

Step-by-step explanation:

When returning to sea level after being at a high altitude, the adaptations that are likely to increase VO2 max (maximum oxygen consumption) include:

1. Increased red blood cell count: As a response to the low oxygen levels at high altitudes, the body produces more red blood cells. These extra red blood cells can carry more oxygen and therefore increase the VO2 max when returning to sea level.
2. Lower hemoglobin concentration: At higher altitudes, hemoglobin saturation is lower due to lower atmospheric pressure. However, the body compensates by releasing a greater proportion of oxygen molecules into the tissues. This adaptation can also increase VO2 max upon returning to sea level.
3. Increased BPG production: At high altitudes, erythrocytes produce more 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG), which enhances the dissociation of oxygen from hemoglobin. This adaptation helps tissues obtain the oxygen they need and can contribute to an increased VO2 max when back at sea level.