Final answer:
When a person lies down, the volume and capacity of their body decrease, while they increase when standing, due to redistribution of blood, gravity's effect on organs, and change in lung pressure.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a person lies down, the volume and capacity of their body decrease, while they increase when standing, due to a few factors.
Redistribution of blood: When lying down, blood can redistribute more evenly throughout the body, causing a decrease in the volume and capacity of specific organs.
Gravity's effect on organs: When standing, gravity pulls the organs downwards, causing them to occupy more space and resulting in an increase in volume and capacity.
Change in lung pressure: When lying down, the bottom of the lung is stretched down towards the floor due to gravity, reducing its capacity. When standing, the bottom of the lung is less affected by gravity, allowing for increased lung capacity.
These factors contribute to the changes in volume and capacity when a person lies down or stands up.