Final answer:
Robert Owen was the utopian socialist who established a model community in New Lanark, Scotland, aiming to create a society with improved living and working conditions for its members.
Step-by-step explanation:
The utopian socialist who set up a model community in New Lanark, Scotland, was Robert Owen. Owen was a forward-thinking industrialist who recognized the potential for a community where the happiness and well-being of the workers would result in increased productivity. His work in New Lanark saw the provision of health care, education, pensions, communal stores, and quality housing as part of an integrated approach to worker welfare. Owen's initiatives were seen as an embodiment of utopian socialism since they aimed to create a small-scale societal model that could potentially be replicated elsewhere. While he was pioneering in many respects, Owen's attempts to establish similarly minded communities in New Harmony, Indiana faced challenges and ultimately the project did not last. Nevertheless, his legacy in New Lanark helped to inspire generations of social reformers and the development of cooperative and socialist movements. Owen's non-religious, rational philosophy diverged from many other utopian community founders, focusing on human reason and the capacity for reform without the influence of religious doctrine.