Final answer:
The founding fathers selected a Federal system to balance national and state powers, inspired by Enlightenment ideals and the goal of securing liberty for future generations while safeguarding against tyranny.
Step-by-step explanation:
The founding fathers chose a Federal system for the United States in order to create a balance between a strong national government and the preservation of state powers. Influenced by Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu, they wanted to ensure that power was not concentrated in the hands of any single entity.
This led to a system where power was divided between the federal government and the states, with checks and balances established among three branches of government to prevent tyranny.
Concerned with the potential dangers of true democracy, many founders believed that only landowners should vote, implying that they were better stewards of liberty. The Constitution and Declaration of Independence reflect these ideas of liberty, order, and equality, which were seen as a means to secure the blessings of liberty for all future generations as expressed in the Preamble.
Moreover, the founders intentionally left parts of the Constitution vague to allow flexibility and adaptability over time.