Final answer:
The medical term for the abnormal lateral curvature of the spine that is often congenital in origin is scoliosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medical term for the abnormal lateral curvature of the spine that is often congenital in origin is scoliosis. Scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal, lateral curvature of the vertebral column, accompanied by twisting of the spine. This condition is most common among girls and tends to worsen during adolescent growth spurts.
The cause of scoliosis is usually unknown, but it may result from factors such as weakness of the back muscles, differential growth rates in the right and left sides of the spine, or differences in the length of the lower limbs. Treatment options for scoliosis include back braces for growing children and, in extreme cases, surgery.