Final answer:
The four types of socio-political systems are band, tribe, chiefdom, and state, each linked to different subsistence patterns and proposed by anthropologist Elman Service.
Step-by-step explanation:
The four types of socio-political systems are band, tribe, chiefdom, and state. These categories were proposed by anthropologist Elman Service and are linked to different subsistence patterns. Bands are associated with gathering and hunting, tribes with horticulture, chiefdoms with agricultural surplus, and states with multiple modes of subsistence, military conquest, and extensive regional trade.