Final answer:
Edema is the condition characterized by an abnormally large amount of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces of the body, leading to swelling and potential complications if the lymphatic system cannot adequately drain the excess fluid.
Step-by-step explanation:
An abnormally large amount of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces of the body is known as edema. This occurs when there is increased fluid retention in the interstitial spaces and cells of the body. Typically, interstitial fluid bathes and nurtures cells, carrying nutrients and removing wastes, but its excessive accumulation can cause swelling and potentially harmful pressure on tissues and organs.
Normally, about 20 liters of plasma is released into the interstitial space each day through capillary filtration. However, only 17 liters is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream, with the remaining three liters being drained by the lymphatic system. If the lymphatic system is compromised, it can lead to lymphedema, where protein-rich interstitial fluid accumulates excessively, causing systemic edema.
Understanding the balance of extracellular fluid and intracellular fluid is crucial since it influences not only individual cell health but also the homeostasis of the entire body systems. The interstitial fluid, as part of the extracellular fluid, plays a key role in sustaining the environment required for cells to function properly.