Final answer:
The statement that intracellular fluid and plasma are chemically identical is false. They have distinct compositions, with the intracellular fluid being rich in potassium and phosphate, while plasma has higher concentrations of sodium and chloride.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that intracellular fluid and plasma are almost identical chemically is false. While both intracellular fluid and plasma are components of body fluids, their compositions differ significantly. For instance, blood plasma and interstitial fluid (IF), which are both parts of the extracellular fluid (ECF), are similar to each other — rich in sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate. However, when compared to the intracellular fluid (ICF), they display different ion concentrations. The ICF has higher amounts of potassium, phosphate, magnesium, and proteins. Notably, whereas blood plasma contains a higher protein concentration, intracellular fluid contains a greater concentration of potassium and phosphate.
Furthermore, the mechanisms that regulate the exchange of these components, such as membrane transport processes, maintain distinct environments between the intracellular fluid and the extracellular compartment. Therefore, the unique composition and regulation between compartments ensure proper cellular function and overall homeostasis within the body.