Final answer:
Three pre-Darwinian views of the natural world include fixity of species, great chain of being, and inheritance of acquired characteristics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Three pre-Darwinian views of the natural world include:
- Fixity of species: This view held that species were unchangeable and had been created separately by a divine being. It was believed that each species had been perfectly designed for its specific role in the natural world.
- Great chain of being: This hierarchical view placed humans at the top of a fixed order of beings, with angels and God above them. It separated humans from other animals and suggested that each species had a predetermined place in the natural order.
- Inheritance of acquired characteristics: This view, proposed by Lamarck, suggested that traits acquired during an organism's lifetime could be passed on to offspring. However, as we now know, this idea is not supported by scientific evidence.